Features|Syria's WarSyrian army offensive overjoys some, leaves others with ‘existential’ fearMany Syrians feel liberated by the army pushing out the Kurdish-led SDF. But others fear government troops.

On January 18, the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) announced a withdrawal from the northeastern Syrian cities of Raqqa and Deir Az Zor. This decision has led to significant changes in the region, impacting local communities and the geopolitical landscape.

Residents in Deir Az Zor, an Arab-majority city, expressed relief and joy at the Syrian government's entry, citing previous concerns about SDF policies, such as forced conscription. Conversely, areas with larger Kurdish populations are experiencing heightened anxiety due to past violent episodes involving government forces.

Political Agreements and Military Movements

Following the fall of the Bashar al-Assad regime in December 2024, the SDF maintained control over Syria's resource-abundant northeast. Discussions between the SDF and President Ahmed al-Sharaa's government led to an agreement on March 10, integrating SDF fighters into the Syrian Armed Forces. However, conflicts over the terms of integration and demands for regional autonomy persisted.

In response to military advances by government forces, backed by local tribes and external support, a new agreement on January 18 favored Damascus's terms, mandating the individual integration of SDF fighters into the Syrian army.

Ongoing Concerns and Humanitarian Impact

Despite a 15-day ceasefire being agreed upon, clashes continue to threaten the region's stability. The conflict has displaced over 134,000 individuals in the Hasakah province, with many seeking refuge in Kurdish-majority areas like Kobane. Reports indicate severe shortages of essentials, compounded by harsh weather conditions.

Efforts by the United Nations have provided some relief, but local populations continue to face hardships. There are concerns that government control could lead to further human rights violations against minorities.

Government Position and Future Prospects

The Syrian government claims its intentions are politically driven rather than militaristic, aiming for a peaceful resolution. A recent presidential decree has extended new rights to the Kurdish community, including official recognition of the Kurdish language.

However, skepticism remains among local communities, who demand tangible actions such as the restoration of services and protection of civilian rights to build trust and prevent further humanitarian crises.

Based on reporting by Al Jazeera.